Living with a stoma: what's normal and what deserves attention

Having a stoma is a big change, and it is completely normal to have questions. Over time, most people become confident caring for their stoma, especially with good education and support.

A healthy stoma is usually pink or red and moist, a little like the inside of your mouth. It has no nerve endings, so it does not usually feel pain when touched. It may bleed slightly when cleaned, which is often normal. Its size may change in the first weeks after surgery, so your bag or pouch opening may need adjusting.

The skin around the stoma should look like the skin elsewhere on your tummy. Leaks, a poor fit or certain products can irritate this skin, so a good seal is important. If your appliance keeps leaking, it is worth having the fit checked rather than putting up with it.

Things that deserve attention include a stoma that turns dark red, purple, brown or black, sore or broken skin around the stoma, bleeding that does not stop, a stoma that seems to be pulling inwards or bulging outwards more than usual, or a sudden change in output. Severe tummy pain, vomiting or no output for an extended time should be checked urgently.

Many people with a stoma return to work, exercise, travel and enjoy time with family. Diet, clothing and daily routines may need small adjustments, and a stoma therapist can help you find what works for you.

You do not have to work it all out alone. Support for you and your family is an important part of stoma care.

Every person and every wound is different. If you have any concerns, please speak to a healthcare professional, or contact our team to chat about your situation.